Evaluation of the human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, vitality In adjacent with hydroxyapatite nano particles

Hydroxyapatite [Ca[10][PO][4][6][OH][2] is the major inorganic component of hard tissues, the best bio-active materials, which is compatible with the bone tissue. In addition, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles [Nano-HA] have received enormous national attention in medical and dental applications recently; but the ultimate fate of the Nano-HA within the body is still unknown. Degradation products of nanomaterials are potentially cytotoxic. Thus, it is essential to assess biocompatibility before their usage in clinical applications. Purpose of this research is to evaluate toxicity of hydroxyapatite nano particles on the human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In this experimental study, nano sized, rod-like hydroxyapatite particles sterilizalied then HPBMCs were cultured on 96-well plate. Cells were exposed to Nano-HA at the following concentrations: 15.5, 32, 65, 125, 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, 8000 ppm. Later, For measuring the cell vitality, MTT method was utilized .Measuring the photo absorption was done by ELISA READER system at 570 nm, which evaluated the vitality of cell by the value of MTT absorption cells. The statistical ANOVA test was used in this study. All of drug concentration were effective in Loweriy cellular biologic ectivity but none of them were statis fically significant. Therefore as a conclusion we can adjudicate that [Nano-HA] biomaterial is the material which is compatibility with the human blood mononuclear cells

Effect of cryoanalgesia on post-thoracotomy pain

We prepared this study to determine the effect of cryoanalgesia on post-thoracotomy pain. In this double-blinded randomized clinical trial, 60 patients who underwent thoracotomy were divided into two groups [control and cryoanalgesia]. Visual Analogue Scale [VAS, 0-10] was used for the measurement of severity of post-thoracotomy pain. It was classified into three categories: 0-1 [mild], 2-3 [moderate], and 4-10 [severe]. Pethidine [0.5-1 mg/kg] was administered in case of need for both groups. Patients were visited at the hospital a week later, and were contacted by phone at the first, second, and third months post-operatively. Intensity of pain in the control group was higher than the cryoanalgesia group in all visits the follow-up period. On the second day, the frequencies of severe pain [4-10] were 33.3% and 0 in the control and cryoanalgesia groups, respectively. The mild pain on the seventh day was 13.3% and 83.3% in the control and cryoanalgesia groups, respectively [P < 0.01]. Pethidine consumption was 151.6 +/- 27 mg in the control group and 87.5 +/- 48 mg in the cryoanalgesia group on the first day post-operation [P < 0.001]. Cryoanalgesia is a useful technique with not serious side effects in order to alleviate post-thoracotomy pain and reduce the need for opiate consumption

[ evaluation of accuracy of article writing in scientific journals of nursing-midwifery in Tehran]

As most researchers are unaware of the quality of articles published in scientific journals of nursing-midwifery, findings from these studies are not used in clinical practice. This study was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of articles published in nursing-midwifery journals in Tehran in 2008 as regards design and methodology of writing a scientific paper. In this cross sectional study, all original articles published in scientific journals of nursing-midwifery in Tehran in 2008 were evaluated. Research methodology in different sections of articles including, abstract, introduction, methods and materials, results, discussion and references were assessed. Totally, 52 criteria were taken into consideration, articles were evaluated on the basis of these criteria and classified into 3 categories of "correct", "relatively correct" and "incorrect". Data analysis was done by chi-square. Eighty three original articles published in 3 selected journals were evaluated. On the whole, format of the papers was correct in 45% of articles, in 8% it was relatively correct and in 47% the presenting format was incorrect. Inaccuracies found in the incorrectly written articles were found in the following sections: abstracts 53%; introduction 69.7%, methods and materials 32.2%; results 45.4%; discussion 48% and references 25.3%. Articles published in nursing-midwifery journals have major flaws. Implementations for reducing mistakes in article writing would result in increasing application of the study results

[Comparison of diagnostic value of Uterobrush and Pipelle in the evaluation of endometrial samples]

Endometrial cancer is the most frequent cancer in the female genital system. Nowadays outpatient diagnostic procedures like pipelle and uterobrush have facilitated the diagnosis and treatment of endometrial cancer in early stages in high-risk patients. This study has been done to compare the accuracy and tissue sufficiency of biopsy by pipelle and uterobrush. Between 2005 and 2007, 70 candidates admitted for hysterectomy in Imam Hossein Hospital entered a clinical trial study. Under local or general anesthesia, biopsies were taken by pipelle and then uterobrush or vice versa. The order of using pipelle and uterobrush was selected randomly. The samples were sent to the pathology department and examined by an expert pathologist. The results of endometrial biopsies by pipelle and uterobrush were analyzed. After that the cases were grouped [each group consisted of 35 patients] according to the order of using the pipelle and uterobrush. The endometrial samples sufficiency from uterobrush and pipelle were 68.1% and 87.1%, respectively. The positive predictive value of pipelle was 100% and negative predictive value was 84%. These values for uterobrush were 100% and 90% respectively. It seems that pipelle is better for obtaining sufficient size samples. However in sufficient samples, uterobrush has higher sensitivity and accuracy. Order of using pipelle and uterobrush caused no significant difference in the results

[Bacterial agents in patients with conjunctivitis in Labbafinejad hospital in 2006]

Conjunctivitis, one of the most prevalent eye complications, is usually self limited but may result in optical disorders. Classification is based on the cause including bacterial, viral, fungal, allergic or chemical. Considering antimicrobial resistance, determining the exact cause may lead to improved medical therapy. In this descriptive-analytic survey, 92 patients with conjunctivitis, who attended Shaheed Labbafi Nezhad medical center were enrolled. Samples were accurately collected by the physician working in the center and were transported in a sterile condition to the Laboratory of Pediatric Infectious Research Center of Mofid hospital. Determination of mycobacteria, aerobic and anaerobic bacteria was accomplished using standard methods. Data was analyzed using SPSS 13. Samples were obtained from 49 men [61.4%] and 43 women [38.6%], [median age 36.2]. 85% of patients with bacterial conjunctivitis had mucoplurant discharge as a main symptom. 45[58.5%] cultures were positive. Aerobic organisms were isolated from 40 patients [57.1%] and anaerobic ones from 5 [7.1%], of which 4 were mixed with aerobes. No mycobacterium was found. The most common aerobic organism cultured was staphylococcus epidermidis [30%] and the other aerobic ones were: Staphylococcus aureus [12.9%], E coli [7.1%], Bacillus cereus [5.7%], Moraxella catarrhalis [4.3%], Diphteroid [4.3%], Acientobacter baumanii [2.9%], Citrobacter fraundii [2.9%], Staphylococcus oricularis [1.4%], Streptococcus viridans [1.4%], Bacillus subtilis [1.4%], Pseudomonas aeruginosa [1.4%], and Proteus mirabilis [1.4%]. Anaerobic organisms cultured were Peptostreptococcus [4.3%] and Bacteroides fragilis [2.9%]. Since various organisms are responsible for bacterial conjunctivitis, therapeutic strategies should be based on the results of microbiological investigations

Study of the risk factors related with helicobacter pylori infections in children with peptic ulcer disease

Helicobacter pylori is the cause of peptic ulcer and gastroduodenal disease in children and adults. The prevalence of H-pylori infection has increased during past decade. Most of evidence has shown the patients got infected child hood. This study was carried out for recognizing the risk factors of H-pylori in children with gastrointestinal problems who had undergon evaluation endoscopy in Mofid Children Hospital. In this case control study, the number of patients infection and control were 47 in each group. The patient and control groups were matched for age and sex. Demographic variable were registered in information forms. Positive urease test was considered as a patient and negative urease test was considered as control group. All of the risk factors for H-pylori infection were evaluated for both groups and CI in the samples was evaluated with 95% estimation. The number of family members were 4.1 +/- 1.2 in the control group and 5.7 +/- 1.2 in the patients group. Attitude were higher in the patients group toward low consumption of fruit, vegetables, liquid vegetables, seed oil, smoking in family, low level education of parents, blood group A and parents dyspepsia. In the all risk factors CI>1.0 and P<0.05. The consumption of fruit, vegetables, liquid vegetable, seed oil, and negative history of smoking are the reasons for decreasing H-pylori infection in the children and adults